Medicinal plants are value added for the content and chemical composition of their active components.Infectious diseases caused by bacteria, fungi, viruses and parasites are still a major threat to public health, despite the tremendous progress in human medicine.In this paper, Hot and cold methanolic extracts from the stem bark of Prosopis spicigera, was tested for its possible presence of significant Antibacterial activity in an attempt to validate some of its folkloric uses.The antibacterial activity was evaluated by employing 24hr culture of 4 different test organisms, viz., Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, and Proteus vulgaris.  The hot and cold methanol extracts are screened for antibacterial activity by cup plate method using ciprofloxacin.The observations in the present study of in vitro antibacterial evaluation of P.spicigera forms a primary platform for further phytochemical and antibacterial studies.

The determination of trace elements in Anti-diabetic churna was carried out by Atomic Absorption Spectrometry.     Anti-diabetic churna is herbal medicine used for the treatment of Diabetic mellitus. Marketed Samples of different manufacturer were collected. Heavy metals contents in the investigated samples were found at different levels. The analytical results obtained for all metals indicate that they were present at concentration well below the acceptable daily intake recommended by the World Health Organization.The main purpose of the investigation was to document evidence for the users, and practitioners of marketed Anti-diabetic churna. WHO, (1998) mentions maximum permissible limits in raw materials only for arsenic, cadmium, and lead, which amount to 1.0, 0.3, and 10 p.p.m. respectively. It was found that Arsenic content in which was below the Permissible limit in all formulations. The Cadmium content in AD2 (0.6 p.p.m), AD3 (0.7 p.p.m), AD4 (0.8 p.p.m), AD5 (0.65 p.p.m), AD7 (0.78 p.p.m), AD9 (0.75 p.p.m) and AD10 (0.34 p.p.m) which was above the permissible limits. The lead content in AD2 (13.5 p.p.m), AD5 (12.7 p.pm), AD6 (12.9 p.p.m), AD7 (11.8 p.p.m) and AD9 (14.9 p.p.m) which was above the permissible limits. Such formulations are injurious to health of patient if consumed regularly.Based on the results obtained in the present work, it is concluded that the present techniques are suitable for the routine determination of heavy metals concentration in Anti-Diabetic churna.

Pithecellobium dulceis a species of flowering plant in the pea family, Fabaceae that is native to Mexico, Central America and South America. The leaves have been used to treat ear ache, leprosy, peptic ulcer, tooth ache and convulsions. The Preliminary Phytochemical Screening revealed the presence of Flavonoids, Glycosides, Tannins, Saponins. The present investigation was intended to evaluate the Anticonvulsant activity of the crude flavonoid fraction of the leaf of Pithecellobium dulce (CFFPD) using the subcutaneous Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) and Maximal Electroshock Test (MES) models in rats, respectively at the doses of 250 and 500 mg ̸ kg body weight. The crude flavonoid fraction exhibited significant reduction in the duration of hindleg extension and onset of convulsion at a dose of 500 mg ̷ kg body weight i.p. (comparable to Phenytoin at 20 mg kg^-1) in both Maximal Electroshock Test (MES) and Pentylenetetrazole (PTZ) model.

The present study was carried out on the plant of Rosa damascena Mill. having several pharmacological actions including anti-HIV, antibacterial, antioxidant, antitussive, hypnotic, anti-diabetic and antiulcer activity. In the present study anti-ulcer and in-vitro antioxidant activities of methanol, acetone and ethyl acetate extracts of flowers of Rosa damascena Mill. was evaluated. Anti-ulcer activity was evaluated by pylorus ligation, ethanol induced methods and in-vitro antioxidant activity evaluated by DPPH,Hydroxyl, Nitric oxide, H₂O₂ methods respectively. Methanol extract showed significant anti-ulcer activity compared with standard drug Ranitidine HCl. In antioxidant studies methanol extract shows the significant activity in DPPH method and hydroxyl radical scavenging activity, acetone extract shows significant activity in nitric oxide method and ethyl acetate extract had better activity in H₂O₂ scavenging method than the standard (Ascorbic acid).

Aromatherapy is a form of complementary and alternative medicine that uses volatile liquid plant materials known as Essential Oil, Phytoncides and other natural organic compounds rich in monoterpenes, sesquiterpenes, as well as other natural volatile organic compounds (esters, aromatic compounds, non-terpene hydrocarbons, some organic sulfides etc.).Ethereal Oils used to treat or manage mood disorder and improve quality of life. Volatile Oils create favorable conditions within the mind, body and spirit in order that a natural balance can be restored and energy renewed. Aetherolea are derived from different plant parts, having different composition compared to other herbal products because distillation process recovers only lighter phytomolecules, it activates limbic system and emotional center of brain, stimuli body to heal itself. The present paper enumerates the various aspects of aromatherapy.