The antibacterial and antifungal activities of ethanolic extract of leaves of Indigofera barberi was evaluated by filter paper disc diffusion method. Antibacterial potential was tested against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus subtilis of gram positive; Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa of gram negative on nutrient agar medium and nutrient broth using Ceftriaxone as standard drug. For antifungal study, strains used were Saccharomyces cervisiae and Candida albicans on Sabourauds dextrose agar and Sabourauds dextrose broth using Grieseofulvin as reference standard drug. The result showed that, the extract exhibit significant antibacterial activity against the selected strains except Escherichia coli. Also the extract shows the significant antifungal activity against the selected strains when compared with the standard drug. Pharmacognostical and phytochemical investigations were also performed on the leaves of Indigofera barberi Gamble.

The anti-inflammatory activity of ethanolic extracts of Oldenlandia herbacea were investigated, the crude ethanolic extract of O. herbacea compared with standard ibuprofen on carrageenan induced paw edema at different time intervals are depicted. The oral administration of ethanolic extract at 100 and 200 mg/kg bw produced significant and dose dependent inhibition of paw edema after 1 to 3 hrs of treatment. When compared with standard ibuprofen on carrageenan induced paw edema method, the percentage inhibitions of crude ethanolic extract of O. herbacea at 100 and 200 mg/kg after 1-3 hr shows the value of 25.56 ± 0.72 and 44.36 ± 1.32 to 57.83 ± 0.84, inhibit significantly.

A drug interaction can be defined as an interaction between a drug and another substance that prevents the drug from performing an expected action. Primidone is used to treat complex partials, simple partials, generalized tonic-clonic seizures, myoclonic, a kinetic seizures and it has been a valuable alternative to propranolol in the treatment of essential tremor. Mifepristone acts as a competitive receptor antagonist at the progesterone receptor. The present study shows the Abortifacient activity, Serum and Uterus Progesterone, Protein, Alkaline phosphatase, Cholesterol, SGPT, SGOT levels by using wister albino rat (150-200) gm and also uterus histopathological studies was performed. Vaginal smears from each rat were monitored daily. Only rats with normal estrous cycles were selected for this experiment. In the present study, the effect of Primidone (CYP3A4 inducer) on the abortifacient activity of Mifepristone in pregnant rats is being investigated. Primidone may cause failure of abortifacient effect of Mifepristone as a result of drug-drug interaction.

Hybanthus enneaspermus family Violaceae, was investigated to evaluate the hyperlipidemic activity of hydroalcoholic extracts against high fat diet induced wistar albino rat. Significant anti-hyperlipidemic effects were obtained as evident from the restoration of biochemical parameters altered by cholesterol towards the normal. Almost normal histological appearance of liver was observed in treated groups. Among the three doses, 400 mg/kg showed better activity. However, the activity was found to be less than the standard atorvastatin given at 1.2 mg/kg dose. The results showed that the hydroalcoholic extract of Hybanthus enneaspermus has potential hypolipidemic effect along with recovery of liver functions.

The model used for wound healing activity is excision wound. The animals were divided into three groups of six animals. The each group was anesthetized by open mask method with anesthetic ether. The rats were depilated on back. One excision wound was inflicted by cutting away 500 mm² full thickness of skin on ethanol sterilized dorsal thoracic region of rats. The wound was left undressed to the open environment. Group I: served as control and received gum tragacanth suspension orally. Group II: served as standard and treated externally with Povidone iodine ointment. Group III: treated with hydroalcoholic extract of theDiospyros melanoxylon Ointment. The ointment was topically applied daily till the complete epithelialization starting from the day of operation. The parameters studied were wound closure and time of epithelialization. The hydroalcoholic extract treated animals showed significant epithelialisation and wound contraction of the excision wound.

Scleropyrum pentandrum (Dennst.) Mabb belonging to family Santalaceae is a small tree, commonly found in the ever green sacred groves of northern Kerala. It is traditionally used for its anti - inflammatory activity. It is used for various activities by tribal people in different parts of the world. Much works on this plant is not done till and the present study explains the macro and microscopic and phytochemical characters of the leaves of scleropyrum pentandrum.

Herbs and berry crops have been shown to enclose sky-scraping levels of antioxidant compounds.Plants are a superior basis of biologically vigorous compounds known as phytochemicals. Oxidative stress occurs when the formation of free radicals increases. Antioxidants have been reported to avert oxidative injure caused by free radical. A lot of preceding narrative rumour indicated that natural antioxidants possess a wide range of biological activities, together with inhibition of reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, direct or indirect scavenging of free radicals and alteration of intracellular redox reactions. Antioxidant systems decrease or thwart detrimental effects of the ROS. There is at this time enormous interest in natural antioxidants and their role in human health and nutrition.

Andrographis paniculatais a folk medicine for protection against liver damage induced by alcohol intoxication. However, no report has been presented in this respect. In this rat study, we examined whether the Andrographis paniculata protect against liver damage induced by ethanol (EtOH). Rats were orally administered with ethanol (20% v/v) followed by Andrographis paniculata for 28 days. Rats were divided into six groups (G1-G6) and except for Group1, all rats were administered with alcohol. G1: Control; G2: EtOH control; G3: Silymarin (50mg/kg bw., p.o.); G4:100mg/kg; G5:200mg/kg; G6:400mg/kg. The results showed that changes of body weight,water intake and food intake. The aqueous extract of Andrographis paniculata showed reduction in physiological changes. In this present study, it has shown that Andrographis paniculata demonstrate a strong hepatoprotective activity against ethanol induced rats.