The use of herbal preparations for curing various ailments have gained wide and increasing acceptance worldwide, because of the sound belief that they are ‘natural’ and hence ‘safe’. However, no scientific validation and clinical experimentation have been documented for most of these traditional practices. This in turn has made the consumers prone to dangerous health problems caused by the unknown phytochemicals. This potential risk has been documented in this article by highlighting the dangerous effects of aristolochic acid. Presence of aristolochic acid (the nephrotoxic, carcinogenic and infertility agent) is reported for the first time from Thottea siliquosa, through TLC and HPLC procedures, an extensively used herbal remedy in southern Western Ghats.
Tea is an aromatic beverage commonly prepared by pouring hot or boiling water over cured leaves of the tea plant, camellia sinennsis. It is the most widely consumed beverage in the world. It has a cooling, slightly bitter, and astringent flavour that people may enjoy. Tea can generally be divided into categories based on how they processed. Different types of tea are green, black, white, yellow which is the most commonly found on the market. In general green tea has considered superior to black tea in health benefits. The major components of interest are the polyphenols which are responsible for antioxidants and other health benefits of green tea. Much research is available depicting the health benefits of green tea for a wide variety of implications, including different types of cancer, heart diseases etc .There is also a wide range of uses of green tea in diabetes, skin disorder, weight loss, dental health such as dental caries, gingivitis and periodontitis and dental caries. This paper review is the major health benefits of green tea.
Oats is commonly known as AVENA SATIVA.L, received attention for high content of dietaryfibres, phytochemicals & nutritional value. It is good source of carbohydrate & quality proteins with good amino acids. Oats have been used as, bran, or flakes, oatmeal used to produce porridge, bread & breakfast cereals. Most of oat ingredient is bran or β-glucan enriched oat fractions. A strict gluten- free diet is only treatment for celiac disease& requires removal of wheat, rye, barley products. Celiac disease is condition in which grain protein causes autoimmune response that damage lining of intestine, villi & malabsorption of nutrient. Oat bran lowers serum lipid concentration. The common source of cereals found in moist climate. Now days most famous oats what we used is quaker oats. It requires more moisture & rich in source as animal feed. Comsumption of oatmeal, bran, & flakes are used for both clinical & industrial usages. Oats are used in the treatment for celiac disease. It requires lesser nutrients (sodium, potassium, phosphorus) than other cereals.
It is well-known that plant produces the chemicals to protect themselves but recent research demonstrate that they can also protect humans against diseases. Present study deals with the identification of phytochemicals, there quantitative estimation and antimicrobial activity of leavesand fruit of Cordia dichotoma F. Preliminary phytochemical screening of the extract revealed the presence of alkaloids, flavonoids, saponins, tannins, proteins, terpens and reducing sugars. Quantitative estimation of phytochemicals of methanolic and acetone leaf extract revealed presence of phenols (1.54, 1.93mg/g), flavonoids (1.86, 1.98 mg/g), alkaloids (1.24, 1.48 mg/g), saponins (1.44,1.23 mg/g) respectively.Methanolic and acetone fruit extract revealed higher concentration of bioactive constituents comprising phenols (2.23,1.78 mg/g), flavonoids (2.50,2.09 mg/g),alkaloids (1.98,1.87 mg/g),saponins (1.33,1.14 mg/g) respectively. The presence of these bioactive constituents associated with antimicrobial activity of leaves and fruits. It has been revealed by disc diffusion method and showed moderate activity against pathogenic microorganism such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aures and Candida albicans. Methanolic leaf extract showed higher antimicrobial activity,as compared to acetone leaf extract.
Nucleic acid amplification and detection methodsdeveloped in the past decade are useful for the diagnosis and management of a variety of infectious diseases. The most widely used of these methods is the polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Commercial PCR assays for the diagnosis of tuberculosis are now routinely used in many diagnostic laboratories. 126 sputum samples were collected from 126 subjects who went through tuberculin skin test. The samples were processed for detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis by ZN staining and PCR. The results showed that the rate of positivity with PCR was 105/126 (83.33%), while it was 75/126 (59.5%) with microscopy, and the TST showed very low percentage of positivity in comparison to other tests performed for detection of tuberculosis i.e. 30/126 (23.8%). The results of the present study provided the similar evidence about the importance of PCR in detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis. This also suggests that the use PCR can be significant in the early diagnosis of pulmonary and extra pulmonary tuberculosis
