Neurokinin 3 receptors (NK3R) plays a crucial role in menopausal hot flushes, contributing to thermoregulation and vasomotor symptoms. NK3R, found in the central nervous system in brain especially in hypothalamus, peripheral tissues and other course, is activated by neurokinin B (NKB). Hot flushes, impacting nearly 90% of ovariectomized women, involve complex physiological changes linked to estrogen decline. Clinical trials with NK3R antagonists like Fezolinetant show promise in reducing hot flash frequency and severity, May 2023, the FDA-approved non-hormonal fezolinetant for VMS. Presenting non-hormonal alternatives along with the hormonal replacement therapy its complications and benefits. Understanding NK3R's role in thermoregulation provides a basis for targeted therapies, offering relief from menopausal symptoms and improving overall quality of life. Ongoing research aims to establish long-term safety and efficacy, marking a significant advancement in menopausal symptom management are included in this review article. The neurokinin 3 receptor (NK3R) has emerged as a significant target for understanding and potentially treating menopausal symptoms, particularly hot flushes. NK3 receptors are found in various parts of the body, including the brain, gastrointestinal tract and reproductive system. They play a crucial role in regulating body temperature, hormone release, neurotransmission, and inflammation.

Nanoparticle is any material having at least one of its dimensions in range 1-100nm [nano] word derived from Greek words nanos meaning dwarf [or] small a nanometer is one billionth of meter [10-9] nanoparticle is the medicine is to deliver drug around to body drug deliver to inside of cell smaller nanoparticles are subjected to extravasations and renal clearance  larger nanoparticle quickly opsonized and removed from blood stream via macrophages of the reticuloendothelial system these are categorized into different groups such as organic inorganic and carbon based NPs on the basis of their origin properties shape and size for commercial uses which are classified into three types - chemical physical and mechanical processes this paper is to present a review on nanoparticle their types characterization synthesis methods and applications in fields of environment.

Para probiotics which are defined as nonviable inactivated microbial cells that confer a health benefit to the consumer have the capacity to modulate both the innate and adaptive immune systems possess anti-inflammatory antiproliferative and antioxidant characteristics and have an antagonistic effect on pathogens In fact, it has been proposed that nonviable probiotic cells as well as their metabolic by products also have the ability to provide benefits to the hosts health. The purpose of this review is to provide updated information on the types of probiotics and their bioactivities and mode of action when it comes to their potential to improve health.