Increasing resistance to antibiotics is a growing problem in both developed and developing countries. Thus, it is important that constant research should be undertaken to produce newer and newer antibacterial substances. A good success in this direction has been achieved using extracts of plant parts against micro organisms. The aim of the present study is to characterize the rhizome of four ferns viz. Drynaria quercifolia, Leptochilus pteropus, (Syn. Microsorum pteropus) Microsorum punctatum and Tectaria impressa (Syn. Tectaria variolosa) for their antibacterial property against potentially pathogenic microorganisms. Extract was prepared in four different solvents such as water, methanol, acetone, and petroleum ether. The extract of each fern was tested against Bacillus subtilis (MTCC NO. 736), Escherichia coli (MTCC NO. 1610), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (MTCC NO. 3541), Staphylococcus aureus (MTCC NO. 3160), and Proteus vulgaris (MTCC NO. 1771) by disc diffusion assay. The result revealed that out of the four ferns, three ferns viz. Drynaria quercifolia, Microsorum pteropus, Tectaria variolosa have antibacterial property in their rhizome extract against all the tested micro-organisms.

Pomegranate extract, a standardized bioactive polar extract of the peel Punica granatum, is preclinically proven to have SERM (Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulator) properties. The current clinical study evaluated the efficacy and safety of Pomegranate extract of postmenopausal women. This was a pilot study to healthy post menopause women using Parallel double blind study design. Post menopause women with normal renal and liver function, 52-60 years of age were include in the study. In the treatment, Pomegranate capsules were given as two 550mg capsules two times daily (it contained ±12.5 mg ofellagic acid per capsule) for 56 days, throughout study, weekly assessment to evaluate adverse event. Thirty subjects of mean age 55.90 ± 3.7 years were evaluable and 7.18 ± 4.2 years since the last menopause. Pomegranate capsule markedly reduced.

Aervalanata (Linn) is widely used in urinary disorders in southern part of India as a source of pashanabheda. The present study is aimed to analyse the chloroform and ethyl acetate extracts of leaves and flower through FTIR spectroscopy method. The FTIR spectroscopic studies revealed different characteristic peak values with various functional compounds in the extracts. The main objective of the study is to observe the salient features exhibited by the Fourier transform infrared Spectroscopy the vibrational assignments, intensities and wave number of dominant peak were obtained from absorption spectra. Various functional groups like alcohol, carboxylic acid, nitro compound, aromatics, halogens, phenols, amino acids, amides etc. were identified by the various solvent extraction of Aervalanata. This articles attempts to reveal the use of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and at the same time creating interest among the prospective researcher in herbal analysis and this study creates a platform to screen many bioactive components to treat various diseases.

An antioxidant is a molecule capable of slowing or preventing the oxidation of other molecules. Oxidation is a chemical reaction that transfers electrons from a substance to an oxidizing agent. Oxidation reaction can produce free radicals which start chain reactions that damage cells. Antioxidants terminate these chain reactions by removing free radical intermediates and inhibit other oxidation reactions by being oxidized themselves. As a result antioxidants are often reducing agents such asthiols, ascorbic, acid or polyphenols. The main objective of the study is to observe the salient features exhibited by the fourier transform infrared spectroscopy the vibrational assignments, intensities and wave number of dominant peak were obtained from absorption spectra. Various functional groups like alcohol, carboxylic acid, nitro compound, aromatics, halogens, phenols, amino acids, amides etc. were identified by the various solvent extraction of Tephrosia purpurea. This articles attempts to reveal the use of Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy and creating interest among the prospective researcher in herbal analysis and this study creates a platform to screen many bioactive components to treat various diseases.

Isoxazole and its derivatives are an important class of heterocyclic compound displaying a broad spectrum of biological activities which have made them privileged structures. In the present work, attempts were made to identify leading isoxazole moieties as candidate drugs against many diseases. For example, isoxazole substituted 9-anilino acridine derivatives was found to have increased antioxidant activities. The molecular docking studies show a good correlation between their biological activities screened and auto dock binding free energy. These derivatives will encourage helping to design future anti cancer agents with higher therapeutic potential. Another example is isoxazole incorporated 2-quinolones to show increased antimicrobial and anti inflammatory activities. More importantly, various isoxazole derivatives greatly increase biological properties of the structure like anti-infective action, anticancer properties, anti-protozoal and mutagenic properties. A modification in their structures has offered a high degree of diversity that has proven useful for the development of new therapeutic agents having improved potency and lesser toxicity. In the present study of concise review, is provided on the activities of isoxazole and its derivatives which involve history, chemistry, different methods of synthesis of isoxazole with biological activities and docking studies. Thus large number of pharmacologically active molecules with a wide variety of biological activities shows the importance of isoxazole moieties for the development of new therapeutic agents.